Carmarthen Town Council serves Carmarthen Town with a resident population of 13,200. After including the student population and the more recent residential developments this figure increases to around 15,000. The population of the county is approximately 173,000 based on the 2001 census. The geographical area of the town occupies some 2,064 hectares. Some 48% of the population speaks Welsh, and the Town Council has a Welsh Language Policy. The Council’s offices are located at St Peter’s Civic Hall, Nott Square, Carmarthen, at the Cemetery, and at Carmarthen Park.

The Town Council, as presently constituted, was established in 1974 and inherited some of the responsibilities and properties of the former Carmarthen Borough Council. The Town Council consists of eighteen elected members covering three Wards. North Ward has seven elected members, South Ward five elected members and West Ward six members. The Council operates on a Committee structure with three main committees: the General Purposes, Finance and Management Committees. All Committees report to Council, which meets on the last Wednesday in each month, excluding August.

The Council’s duties include the maintenance and marketing of St Peter’s Civic Hall and Carmarthen Park, maintenance of buildings and grassed areas at the town’s five parks, the provision of burial facilities at the Town Cemetery, care of hanging baskets in the town, responsibility for some footway lighting, and the provision of Christmas lights in the town each year. The Town Clerk's office also provides administrative and secretarial services for the offices of Town Mayor, Deputy Mayor and Sheriff.